Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• ]. One-step synthesis methods have been proposed for the fabrication of ZnO–metal nanocomposites as well, such as a fast one-step microwave assisted hydrothermal route [50]. Hollow doughnut-like ZnO–Au nanostructures were obtained, as well as other structures, including ZnO nanorods–Au NPs, ZnO nanodisks

• band. According to the authors, one of the reasons for this phenomenon was the coupling between surface plasmon absorption of Au NPs and photoluminescence of ZnO nanorods. However, the ZnO–Au nanostructures showed a high SERS activity, demonstrated for methylene blue (MB) with a limit of detection of

• -coated roughened ZnO nanostructures, which enabled photocatalytic degradation of adsorbed analytes and the reuse of the substrate. Also, [73] demonstrated the self-cleaning ability of ZnO–Au nanostructures under UV irradiation. The rhodamine 6G adsorbed on Ag–ZnO–Au film showed a fast photocatalytic

Plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence from TiO₂ and TeO₂ thin films doped by Eu³⁺ for optoelectronic applications

• Marcin Łapiński,
• Jakub Czubek,
• Katarzyna Drozdowska,
• Anna Synak,
• Wojciech Sadowski and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1271–1278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.94

• examined by SEM and TEM. The SEM image presented in Figure 2a shows a good uniformity of the prepared Au nanostructures. Nanoislands cover the whole substrate surface. Additionally, the HRTEM image of a cross section of a single nanoisland is shown in Figure 2b [25][26]. It can be seen, that the

• platforms show an increased intensity of the excitation peak. Moreover, samples with an additional aluminium oxide ultrathin film exhibit a higher excitation intensity. The increased excitation for samples with Au nanostructures may be ascribed to the plasmonic resonance effect, which results in greater

• TiO2 or TeO2 film are responsible for the emission of light. The intensity of the luminescence can be enhanced by the plasmon resonance from Au nanostructures. The gain is tunable by the thickness of a Al2O3 thin film deposited as a separator between metallic nanostructures and the luminescent layer

Fabrication of nano/microstructures for SERS substrates using an electrochemical method

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Xiaoping Li,
• Junjie Yang,
• Zhengkai Li,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Xinming Zhang and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1568–1576, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.139

• . Subsequently, nanoholes were transferred onto the glass surface using the peeling template method and R6G molecules (10−6 mol·L−1) were used with the substrate for detection. Au nanostructures of different shapes and sizes (including grating, disk, and pyramid structures) have also been fabricated using EBL

Evolution of Ag nanostructures created from thin films: UV–vis absorption and its theoretical predictions

• Robert Kozioł,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Damian Koszelow,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 494–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.40

• calculated for the nanoparticles obtained from an initially 3, 5 and 7 nm thick layer, respectively, after annealing at 550 °C for 15 min. In this case, however, it is possible that the edges of the nanostructures have already slightly melted. The authors of this work observed a similar exponent for Au

• nanostructures obtained by the same method [22]. The impact of annealing time on the formation of nanostructures heated at a constant temperature of 550 °C can be seen in the SEM images shown in Figure 6a–d. The initial layer thickness was 2.8 nm, the annealing time varied from 1 to 15 min. The average diameter

Au–Si plasmonic platforms: synthesis, structure and FDTD simulations

• Anna Gapska,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Paweł Syty,
• Wojciech Sadowski,
• Józef E. Sienkiewicz and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2599–2608, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.241

• Mathematics, Department of Theoretical Physics and Quantum Information, Gdansk University of Technology, Gabriela Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdansk, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.9.241 Abstract Plasmonic platforms based on Au nanostructures have been successfully synthesized by directional solidification of a

• use of Au in plasmonic systems, it seems that plasmonic platforms based on Au nanostructures produced by directional solidification of the eutectic would be suitable for photonics applications. In the design of this type of arrangements, it is particularly important to know the spatial field

• . Experimental Au nanostructures were prepared on Si(111) as a substrate. The substrates (1 × 1 cm2 of area) were cleaned with acetylacetone and then rinsed in ethanol. Thin Au films (with thicknesses in a range of 1.7–5.0 nm) were deposited using a table-top dc magnetron sputtering coater (EM SCD 500, Leica

Tuning adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles and silicon AFM tips: role of ligands and capillary forces

• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Marta Berholts,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 660–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.61

• nanoscale materials synthesised during the recent decades, Au nanostructures hold an especially important role. Au is one of the first materials that found applications in nanoscale form centuries ago, and still Au nanostructures continue to be the focus of intense studies due to inertness and high quality

• with low concentration of defects [7][8]. Moreover, Au nanostructures can be synthesized by relatively simple colloidal chemistry methods in various sizes and shapes with high degree of quality by varying the solution composition and relative reactant concentrations [9], which in turn allows for

• make Au nanostructures a perfect model system for studying various physical and chemical properties, and provide opportunities to understand and develop new phenomena [7][16][17]. Au nanomaterials are usually deposited or grown on model substrates such as silicon wafer. Indeed, the most common

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

• resulting material was thus a macroscopic and mechanically robust object that could simply be retrieved and washed before reuse [32]. Another viable approach for the synthesis of larger and mechanically stable objects with photocatalytic activity is the immobilization of TiO2/Au nanostructures on a scaffold

Comparative study of post-growth annealing of Cu(hfac)₂, Co₂(CO)₈ and Me₂Au(acac) metal precursors deposited by FEBID

• Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Artur Rydosz,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Fanny Béron,
• Kleber R. Pirota,
• Stanislav Moshkalev,
• José Alexandre Diniz and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 91–101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.11

• metals, makes its localised direct-write deposition attractive for applications in high-performance integrated circuits and nanoelectronics [13][27]. Similarly, Au nanostructures are promising materials in nanoplasmonics, biomedical applications, electrochemical sensing, as well as contacts for carbon

Direct writing of gold nanostructures with an electron beam: On the way to pure nanostructures by combining optimized deposition with oxygen-plasma treatment

• Domagoj Belić,
• Mostafa M. Shawrav,
• Emmerich Bertagnolli and
• Heinz D. Wanzenboeck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2530–2543, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.253

• of Au nanostructures can further boost the Au content without compromising their structural stability, indicating that the procedure could be suitable for larger and more complex FEBID architectures. Results and Discussion We deposited 2D and 3D Au nanostructures as a proof-of-principle because such

• significantly alter the inner structure of FEBID Au deposits, deserving greater attention. In the next sections of this work we present the main results of our comprehensive study of the influence of electron beam parameters on the properties of Au nanostructures fabricated by FEBID. Au nanopillars Generally

• [65]. More accurate compositional quantification could probably be achieved by performing atom probe tomography or thickness-corrected STEM electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS). Planar Au nanostructures The main goal here was to elucidate the effects of each experimental parameter on the

Au nanostructure fabrication by pulsed laser deposition in open air: Influence of the deposition geometry

• Rumen G. Nikov,
• Anna Og. Dikovska,
• Nikolay N. Nedyalkov,
• Georgi V. Avdeev and
• Petar A. Atanasov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2438–2445, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.242

• ., Bl.11, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria 10.3762/bjnano.8.242 Abstract We present a fast and flexible method for the fabrication of Au nanocolumns. Au nanostructures were produced by pulsed laser deposition in air at atmospheric pressure. No impurities or Au compounds were detected in the resulting samples. The

• accumulation of ablated material on the substrate. The modification of the electrical properties of the nanostructures was demonstrated by irradiation by infrared light. The Au nanostructures fabricated by the proposed technology are difficult to prepare by other methods, which makes the simple implementation

• and realization in ambient conditions presented in this work more ideal for industrial applications. Keywords: Au nanostructures; deposition geometry; nanocolumns; open-air PLD; physical properties; Introduction The growing interest in nanomaterials is related to their unique and fascinating

Comparing postdeposition reactions of electrons and radicals with Pt nanostructures created by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Julie A. Spencer,
• Michael Barclay,
• Miranda J. Gallagher,
• Robert Winkler,
• Ilyas Unlu,
• Yung-Chien Wu,
• Harald Plank,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2410–2424, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.240

• resistivity. Mehendale et al. [14] also observed that high purity Au nanostructures (C/Au < 0.2, compared with C/Au = 0.06 for pure bulk Au) could be generated using electron beam postprocessing in the presence of O2 with minimal shape distortion. Carbon atoms can also be removed by electron beam purification

• , pore-free array of Pt atoms in which the original shape of the deposit was retained with little morphological change. Shawrav et al. [23] demonstrated the effectiveness of water in the purification of Au nanostructures. The single-step fabrication of highly pure Au nanostructures (≈91 atom % Au) from

• adlayer of SiH2Cl2 resulted in an exponential decay of the Cl signal, until it was indistinguishable from the background level signal [33]. In more recent work, with halogenated precursors, highly pure Au nanostructures (>95 atom %) have been created from both PF3AuCl [34] and AuCOCl [35] with no Cl

Synthesis and characterization of noble metal–titania core–shell nanostructures with tunable shell thickness

• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Marta Michalska-Domańska,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Dariusz Zasada and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2083–2093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.208

• and Au nanostructures respectively, were prepared using a method we developed and adapted, consisting of a change in the titania precursor concentration. The synthesized nanostructures exhibited significant absorption in the UV–vis range. The TRPS technique was shown to be a very useful tool for the

Selective detection of Mg²⁺ ions via enhanced fluorescence emission using Au–DNA nanocomposites

• Tanushree Basu,
• Khyati Rana,
• Niranjan Das and
• Bonamali Pal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 762–771, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.79

• the AuNP, any change in the environment of these particles, such as adsorption, desorption or aggregation, will shift the SPR band frequency. Given the collective oscillation, Au nanostructures can act as signal intensifiers and lead to enhancement of the fluorescence and scattering response in

Comparison of four methods for the biofunctionalization of gold nanorods by the introduction of sulfhydryl groups to antibodies

• Xuefeng Wang,
• Zhong Mei,
• Yanyan Wang and
• Liang Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 372–380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.39

• GNR biofunctionalization developed in this work. They can be extended to other Au nanostructures (e.g., spheres, cages) to develop new protein-based applications for biosensors and multiplexed biosensing by immobilization of different-sized nanorods. Experimental Materials Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate

Properties of plasmonic arrays produced by pulsed-laser nanostructuring of thin Au films

• Katarzyna Grochowska,
• Katarzyna Siuzdak,
• Peter A. Atanasov,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Anna Dikovska,
• Nikolay N. Nedyalkov and
• Gerard Śliwiński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2102–2112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.219

• . Keywords: Au nanostructures; laser dewetting; laser nanostructuring; plasmonic enhancement; self-organization; Introduction The capability of pulsed-laser beams to deliver energy to a precise space at a precise time stimulated developments of laser technology and a variety of applications in scientific

• properties of the plasmonic arrays produced from thin Au films by short-pulse-laser nanostructuring are reported and illustrated with experimental data obtained for samples of Au nanostructures produced and analyzed in collaboration with the laboratories of The Institute of Electronics BAS (Sofia, BG), The

• despite the strong damping of the plasmon resonance, the self-organized Au nanostructures reveal sufficient enhancement of the optical signal from the application point of view. Evidence of plasmonic enhancement Near-field effect In the analysis of the electromagnetic field in the vicinity of the particle

Synthesis of embedded Au nanostructures by ion irradiation: influence of ion induced viscous flow and sputtering

• Udai B. Singh,
• D. C. Agarwal,
• S. A. Khan,
• S. Mohapatra,
• H. Amekura,
• D. P. Datta,
• Ajay Kumar,
• R. K. Choudhury,
• T. K. Chan,
• Thomas Osipowicz and
• D. K. Avasthi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 105–110, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.10

• formation of Au NPs embedded in the glass substrates by the 50 keV Si− ion irradiation of irregularly shaped Au nanostructures on the glass surfaces at a fluence of 3 × 1016 ions/cm2. The depth profiles of Au in the samples were obtained from high-resolution Rutherford backscattering spectrometry studies

• nanostructures by ion irradiation of discontinuous thin films on substrate. In the present contribution, we report the synthesis of Au nanostructures embedded in glass by a simple approach that employs the ion irradiation of Au thin films on a glass substrate. The irradiation results in the formation of

• nanostructures that are embedded near the surface. These embedded Au nanostructures have great potential for the application as substrates for surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). Such a SERS substrate is expected to be reusable due to the embedded nanostructures. TRIDYN [20][21], a binary-collision Monte

Characterization and properties of micro- and nanowires of controlled size, composition, and geometry fabricated by electrodeposition and ion-track technology

• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 860–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.97

• for sensoric, optical and biomedical applications. Of special interest are surface plasmon resonances (SPRs) of Au nanostructures, because electromagnetic radiation is confined to a volume of sub-wavelength dimensions. It is known that field enhancements due to SPRs are strongly dependent on size

Approaches to nanostructure control and functionalizations of polymer@silica hybrid nanograss generated by biomimetic silica mineralization on a self-assembled polyamine layer

• Jian-Jun Yuan and
• Ren-Hua Jin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 760–773, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.84

• generation of Au nanostructures on the LPEI@silica nanograss. SEM images show no damage or change to the surface of the LPEI@silica nanograss due to treatment in the aqueous solution of NaAuCl4, as seen before (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3) and after Au nanoparticle formation (Figure 8b). TEM